Efficacy of a cold‐adapted, intranasal, equine influenza vaccine: challenge trials
Identifieur interne : 001881 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001880; suivant : 001882Efficacy of a cold‐adapted, intranasal, equine influenza vaccine: challenge trials
Auteurs : H. G. G. Townsend [Canada] ; S. J. Penner [États-Unis] ; T. C. Watts [Canada] ; A. Cook [Canada] ; J. Bogdan [Canada] ; D. M. Haines [Canada] ; S. Griffin [Canada] ; T. Chambers [États-Unis] ; R. E. Holland [États-Unis] ; P. Whitaker-Dowling [États-Unis] ; J. S. Youngner [États-Unis] ; R. W. Sebring [États-Unis]Source :
- Equine Veterinary Journal [ 0425-1644 ] ; 2001-11.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Blood samples, Bogdan, Challenge facility, Challenge trials, Clinical protection, Clinical scores, Clinical signs, Control animals, Control groups, Days postchallenge, Equine, Equine influenza, Equine influenza vaccine, Equine influenza virus, Equine practnrs, Fort collins, Haines, Heska corporation, Influenza, Influenza virus, Lunn, Median, Month challenge, Month challenges, Months postvaccination, Morley, Mumford, Nasal, Nasal discharge, Nasal swabs, Natural challenge, Postchallenge, Rectal, Rectal temperature, Rectal temperatures, Serological, Serological response, Swab, Townsend, Vaccinate, Vaccinated, Vaccinated animals, Vaccinates, Vaccination, Vaccine, Vaccine virus, Virus, Virus isolation, Virus vaccine, Week challenge, Whole virus vaccines, Youngner.
Abstract
A randomised, controlled, double‐blind, influenza virus, aerosol challenge of horses was undertaken to determine the efficacy of a cold‐adapted, temperature sensitive, modified‐live virus, intranasal, equine influenza vaccine. Ninety 11‐month‐old influenza‐naïve foals were assigned randomly to 3 groups (20 vaccinates and 10 controls per group) and challenged 5 weeks, 6 and 12 months after a single vaccination. Challenges were performed on Day 0 in a plastic‐lined chamber. Between Days 1 and 10, animals were examined daily for evidence of clinical signs of influenza. Nasal swabs for virus isolation were obtained on Day 1 and Days 1 to 8 and blood samples for serology were collected on Days 1, 7 and 14. There was no adverse response to vaccination in any animal. Following challenge at 5 weeks and 6 months, vaccinates had significantly lower clinical scores (P = 0.0001 and 0.005, respectively), experienced smaller increases in rectal temperature (P = 0.0008 and 0.0007, respectively) and shed less virus (P<0.0001 and P = 0.03, respectively) over fewer days (P<0.0001 and P = 0.002, respectively) than did the controls. After the 12 month challenge, rectal temperatures (P = 0.006) as well as the duration (P = 0.03) and concentration of virus shed (P = 0.04) were significantly reduced among vaccinated animals. The results of this study showed that 6 months after a single dose of vaccine the duration and severity of clinical signs were markedly reduced amongst vaccinated animals exposed to a severe live‐virus challenge. Appropriate use of this vaccine should lead to a marked reduction in the frequency, severity and duration of outbreaks of equine influenza in North America.
Url:
DOI: 10.2746/042516401776249354
Affiliations:
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Cook</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country>Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Saskatchewan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bogdan, J" sort="Bogdan, J" uniqKey="Bogdan J" first="J." last="Bogdan">J. Bogdan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country>Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Saskatchewan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haines, D M" sort="Haines, D M" uniqKey="Haines D" first="D. M." last="Haines">D. M. 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Youngner</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sebring, R W" sort="Sebring, R W" uniqKey="Sebring R" first="R. W." last="Sebring">R. W. 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Ninety 11‐month‐old influenza‐naïve foals were assigned randomly to 3 groups (20 vaccinates and 10 controls per group) and challenged 5 weeks, 6 and 12 months after a single vaccination. Challenges were performed on Day 0 in a plastic‐lined chamber. Between Days 1 and 10, animals were examined daily for evidence of clinical signs of influenza. Nasal swabs for virus isolation were obtained on Day 1 and Days 1 to 8 and blood samples for serology were collected on Days 1, 7 and 14. There was no adverse response to vaccination in any animal. Following challenge at 5 weeks and 6 months, vaccinates had significantly lower clinical scores (P = 0.0001 and 0.005, respectively), experienced smaller increases in rectal temperature (P = 0.0008 and 0.0007, respectively) and shed less virus (P<0.0001 and P = 0.03, respectively) over fewer days (P<0.0001 and P = 0.002, respectively) than did the controls. After the 12 month challenge, rectal temperatures (P = 0.006) as well as the duration (P = 0.03) and concentration of virus shed (P = 0.04) were significantly reduced among vaccinated animals. The results of this study showed that 6 months after a single dose of vaccine the duration and severity of clinical signs were markedly reduced amongst vaccinated animals exposed to a severe live‐virus challenge. Appropriate use of this vaccine should lead to a marked reduction in the frequency, severity and duration of outbreaks of equine influenza in North America.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Colorado</li><li>Kentucky</li><li>Pennsylvanie</li></region><settlement><li>Pittsburgh</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Pittsburgh</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Townsend, H G G" sort="Townsend, H G G" uniqKey="Townsend H" first="H. G. G." last="Townsend">H. G. G. Townsend</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bogdan, J" sort="Bogdan, J" uniqKey="Bogdan J" first="J." last="Bogdan">J. Bogdan</name><name sortKey="Cook, A" sort="Cook, A" uniqKey="Cook A" first="A." last="Cook">A. Cook</name><name sortKey="Griffin, S" sort="Griffin, S" uniqKey="Griffin S" first="S." last="Griffin">S. Griffin</name><name sortKey="Haines, D M" sort="Haines, D M" uniqKey="Haines D" first="D. M." last="Haines">D. M. Haines</name><name sortKey="Townsend, H G G" sort="Townsend, H G G" uniqKey="Townsend H" first="H. G. G." last="Townsend">H. G. G. Townsend</name><name sortKey="Watts, T C" sort="Watts, T C" uniqKey="Watts T" first="T. C." last="Watts">T. C. Watts</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Colorado"><name sortKey="Penner, S J" sort="Penner, S J" uniqKey="Penner S" first="S. J." last="Penner">S. J. Penner</name></region><name sortKey="Chambers, T" sort="Chambers, T" uniqKey="Chambers T" first="T." last="Chambers">T. Chambers</name><name sortKey="Holland, R E" sort="Holland, R E" uniqKey="Holland R" first="R. E." last="Holland">R. E. Holland</name><name sortKey="Sebring, R W" sort="Sebring, R W" uniqKey="Sebring R" first="R. W." last="Sebring">R. W. Sebring</name><name sortKey="Whitaker Owling, P" sort="Whitaker Owling, P" uniqKey="Whitaker Owling P" first="P." last="Whitaker-Dowling">P. Whitaker-Dowling</name><name sortKey="Youngner, J S" sort="Youngner, J S" uniqKey="Youngner J" first="J. S." last="Youngner">J. S. Youngner</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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